Lens system for gastroscopes or the like



Aug. 22, 1950 J. H. HETT LENS SYSTEM FOR GASTROSCOPES OR THE LIKE Filed Feb Patented Aug. 22, 1950 LENS SYSTEM FOR GASTROSCOPES OR THE LIKE John H. Hett, New York, N. Y., assignor to American Cystoscope Makers, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application February 16, 1949, Serial No. 76,823

8 Claims.

f This, as welll `as other: objects, g together .with

the advantages'attainable by thepractice of the invention, will be readily understood by persons A"skilled inl the art `upon reference to the detailed'A discussionA that follows, taken in conjunction with the attached drawing, which respectively describe and'illustrate a preferredembodiment of the invention.'

inthe drawing: I Figure 1 is a view inside elevation of a gastro- Y scope orrelated instrument;

Figure'2 is-a longitudinal cross section of the lens system housedin the rigid forward portion and the forward third .of the flexible intermedi- 4ate portion of the'ins'trument of Figure r1;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross section of the lens system in thefrarward two thirds of the flexible intermediate portion of the instrument of Figure 1; and Y Figure 4' isa longitudinal cross 'section of th lens systemhoused'in the rigid rearward portion of the instrument of Figure l.

Y' f Referring now to theV drawing,and'more especially 'to' Figure '1,'thel gastroscope illustratedI therein comprises a rigid forward portion It, a

yrigid'rearwartl'portion'I I, and a flexible portion I2 positioned intermediate'and connected to the rigidr portions. vRigidforward portion I0 is provided-With a rounded :tip vI3 at its forward extremity to facilitate-insertion and removal of the instrument into and from the stomach through theifesophagus. Forward portion IU is provided withfa lamp rI4 for supplyingillumination in a body passage or' cavity,l x and van opening I5 through which a catheter or other instrumentality may be` moved. ,Rearward portion IIcaryies'an eyepiece I6 and is provided with a, guide tube I1. A longitudinal passage I8 within portions II ,and I 2-establishes communication withopening I and rguide tube I'I, whereby a catheter orv other instrumentality maybe inserted in tube I 1, moved forwardly through passage I8, and emerge fronrthe instrument though opening I5.

The lens systems contained -in portions I0,` II and I2 are shown in Figures 2 and 4. The lens system in forward portion I0 is in the nature of an invertedGalilean arrangement of lenses with an, Amici prism B at the right angle, and constitutes' the 'objective of the instrument. The image formed bythe objective is picked up -v,bv a multiple relay system consisting of units of three lenses each, as viewed in-Figure 2, and starting with focal plane No. 1 and reading to the right. The focal planes precede. and follow each of these units, inverted Vand erected image planes being identified in the drawing.

The arrangement of the lenses in flexible por tion I2 is an outstanding feature of the invention as it permits that portion of the instrument to be bent at a relatively high angle and still retain the field of view of the instrument which is at unit power in the instant arrangement. The last image, after passing through the lenses of the flexible portion, is picked up and transmitted through the lens system in rearward portion II of the instrument.

As will be noted from an examination of Figure 2 and the tables that follow, the complete lens system of flexible portion l 2 consists of three identical sets of six lenses. Each such set of lenses permits deection of approximately 10 of rearward portion I I with respect to forward portion I0 Without total occlusion. Thus, in the illustated embodiment, section II may be deflected approximately 30 with respect to section I0. If two setsv of six lensesare employed, the degree of .deflection is approximately 20 without total occlusion. Total available deflection with the illustrated embodiment of the invention is 30 without total occlusion.

The tables that appear further along herein set forth the characteristics and relationship of the lenses in each of instrument portions Ii), II and I2.

In each table:

Lens identifies the lenses by the same letters appearing in the drawing;

Radii indicates the radii of the spherical surfaces on the faces of the lenses, positive and negative radii indicating surfaces that are convex forwardly and rearwardly, respectively;

Thickness indicates the thickness of the lens and the air gaps between lenses, as measured on the axes of the lenses, the axes of lenses C-C1 being substantially coincident and normal to the axis of lens A;

Nn denotes the index of refraction of the optical glass of the lens;

V denotes the dispersion factor of the optical glass of the lens; and i Glass identifies the composition of the lens, B. S. C. denoting borosilicate crown glass, D. B. C. denoting dense barium crown glass, E. D. F. denoting extra dense flint glass, and Cr. denoting crown glass.

The radii, thicknesses and air gaps are all measured in the same linear units.

Table I below specifies the characteristics and relationship of the lenses that constitute the instrument.

5.., wherein 1' indicates the .radius of. a' spherical. surface on theV face of the lens/positive and negative radii indicatingsurfacesthat are convex forwardly and rearwardly, respectively; t indicates the thickness-,of the-lens; s indicates the air gap between 'successive'.inses measured on the. axis of the lens system; ND denotes the index of refraction of the optical glass of the lens; and V denotes the dispersioniactorof the optical glass ,of the lens, allfofV said radii, thicknesses andair gaps being measured inthe same linear units.

2. A lens system for a gastroscope or the like in accordance with the following table:

whereinf indicates the radius of a spherical surface on .the face of the lens,.positive and negative vvradii indicating surfaces that are convex generally forwardly and rearwardly, respectively; t'indicates the thickness of the lens; s indicates the air gap between successive lenses measured on the axes of the lenses, the axes of lenses C andD being substantially coincident and normal to the axis of lens A; Nn denotes the index of refractionof the optical glass of the lens; and V denotes the .dispersion factor of the optical glass of the lens, all of said radii, thicknesses and air gaps being'measured in the; same linear units.

3. A'lens's'ystem for a gastroscope or the like in accordance with the following table:

y'wherein r indicates the radius of a spherical surface on the face of the lens, positive and negative radii indicating surfaces that are convex forvwardly and rearwardly,'respectively; t indicates Vthe thickness of the lens; s indicates the air gap between successive lenses measured ontheaxis of the lens system; ND denotes the index of refraction of the optical glass of the lens, and V denotes the dispersion factor of the optical glass of the lens, all of said radii, thicknesses and air gaps being measured in the same linear units.

4. In a. gastroscope or the like, a ilexible portion and a rigid portion connected to and constituting a continuation of the iiexible portion, said iiexible portion including at least one lens system in accordance with the following table:

said rigid portion including a lens system in accordance with the following table:

Lens Radii, mm. Thflless ND V Glass W T45=+ 20.158 t41= 0.45 1.649 33.8 E. D. F.

T47= 9.294 tu= 2.00 1. 517 `64. 5 B. S. C.

32s=21. 96 X Tes: t4a= 2. 50 1. 523 58. 6 CT.

. 8z4= 6.05 y Y r10=+ 24.334 tl4= 2.50 1.523 58.3 Cr.

Z T72=|115. 610 t45= 2. 50 1. 523 58. 6 Cr.'

m= 24.010 f14=- 34. 724 i46= 1.00 1.649 33.8 E. D. F.

. 825=90. 00 A1 f15=+ 34.724 i47= 1.00 1. 649 33.8 E. D. F;

m=l 24. 010 f11=-115. 610 t4s= 2. 50 1. 523 58. 6 Cr. sz7=95.43 B1 T1g= w t49= 2. 25 1. 523 58. 6 Cl.

8zg=21. 70 C1 fao=+ 16. 203 t50= 2. 25 1. 523 58. 6 Cl.

wherein r indicates the radius of a spherical surface on the face ofthe lens, positive and negative radii indicating surfaces that are convex forwardly and rearwardly, respectively; t indicates the thickness of the lens; s indicates the air gapbetween successive lenses measured on the 'axis'of the lens system; ND denotes the index of refraction of the optical glass of the lens; and V denotes the dispersion factor of the optical glass of the lens, al1 of said radii, thicknesses and air gaps` being measured in the same linear units.

5. In a gastroscope or the like, a rigid forward portion, a rigid rearward portion and a flexible portion connected to and positioned intermediate the forward and rearward portions, said forward said le'xibleportion including a lens system in "accordance with the following table:

- Thickness,

Y Lens Radu, mm. Y mm ND V Glass ri1=+ 8.820 t5= 0.45 1.649 33.8 E D F T12=+ 3.947 v m: 20.404 f= 2.00 1.523 58.6 or,

` Y 85=13.52 r..=+ 8. 820 t1= 0.45 1.649 38.8 E D, F, YT15=14 3.947 Y 716:-20; 404 v tg= 2.00 1. 523 58.6 Cr, Y .95=12. 86 j G 1e+20 404 tn= 2.00 1.523 58.6 Cr,

m=- 8.820 i= 0.45 1.649 33.8 E D F 81=14.8 F4-18.820 t11= 0.45 1. 649 33.8 F, D, F, rz1=+ 3.947 2:40404 m= 2.00 1.523 58.6 Cr,

3s=12. 86 nF4-20.404 115:2.00 l,1.523 58.6 0 rz4= 3.947 m= 8.820 t14= 0.45 1.649 33.8 E, D, F

89213. 52 m=+20404 t= 2.00 1. 523 58.6 C., rz7= 3.947

= m= 0.45 ,1.649 83.8 E, D, F,

m= 0.45 1.649 38.8 E D, F,

t1n= 2.00 1. 523 58.6 Cr, l 811=13. 52 L- `a1='{ 8.820 t19= .0.45 1.649 33.8 E, D, F

T33=+ 3.947 l' l ff TSF-20.404 t2= 2.00 1.523 58.6 Cr,

i21= 2.00 1.523 58.6 Cr,

5 Ym=r 0.45 1.649 33.8 E, D; F, 313=14. 18 m=+ 8.820 t23= 0. 45 1. 649 53.8 E, D, F, T39=+ 3. 947 r40=20.404 tz4= 2.00 1.523 58.6 Cr' 814=12. 86 O. t25= 2. 00 1.523 58.6 CL

m= 0.45 1.649 33.8 E, D, F, 315=13.52 P T44=+20.404 t21= 2.00 1.523 58.6 Cr,

r4s=- 3.947 T48= 8.820 zs= 0.45 1. 649 33.8 E, D, F,

s10=14. 18 Q r47=+ 8.820 t29= 0.45 1.649 33.8 E, D, F,

r4s=+ 3.947 f49=20.404 t30= 2.00 1. 523 58.6 Cr,

317=13. 52 R r50=+ 8.820 ta1= 0.45 1. 649 33.8 E, D- F,

T51=+ 3.947 T5z= 20.404 i32= 2.00 1.523 58.6 Cr,

318=12.86 S f=+20.404 t83= 2.00 1.523 58.6 Cr,

r54= 3.947 r55= 8.820 ta4= 0.45 1.649 33.8 E. D. F,

-819=14. 18 T rn=+ 8.820 t|5= 0.45 1.649 33.8 E. D. F.

T51=| 3.947 r5a=2l404 tu= 2.00 1.523 58.6 Cr.

szo=12.86 U rm=+Zl404 ta1= 2.00 1.523 58.6 Cr.

m= 8.820 i5x= 0.45 1.649 33.8 E. D. F.

.9z\=13. 52 V.- r9z=+20.404 ta0= 2.00 1.523 58.6 Cr.

r9a= 3.947 r04= 8. 820 t40= 0.45 1.649 33.8 E. D. F.

said r1g1d port1on includlng a lens system 1n accordance with the followmg table:

Lens Radii, mm. Thlgess' ND v Glass W r5=+ 20.158 t41= 0.45 1. 649 33.8 E. D. F.

r5=+ 6.204 Tu= 9.294 2.00 1.517 64.5 B. S. C.

m=2l.96 X s= 2.50 1.523 58.6 Cr.

sz4=26.05 Y f10=+ 24.334 tu: 2.50 1.523 58.6 Cr.

325=96. 76 Z r7=+115. 610 2.50 1.523 58.6 Cr.

T73= 24.010 14= 34. 724 1.00 1.649 33.8 E. D. F.

82o=90.00 A1 r75=+ 34.724 1.00 1.649 33.8 E. D. F.

T78=+ 24.010 r17=115. 610 2.50 1.523 58.6 Cr.

827=95.43 B1 f1s= 2.25 1.523 58.6 Cr.

szs=21.70 C1..... hof-I+ 16.203 t= 2.25 1.523 58.6 Cr.

fli-n wherein r indicates the radius of a spherica suface on the face of the lens, positive and negative radii indicating surfaces that are convex forwardly and rearwardly, respectively; t indicates the thickness of the lens; s indicates the air gap between successive lenses measured on the axis of the lens system; ND denotes the index of refraction of theoptical glass of the lens; and V denotes the dispersion factor of the optical glass of the lens', all of said radii, thicknesses and air gaps being measured in the same linear units.

8. In a gastroscope or the like, a rigid forward rportion, a rigid rearward portion and a. flexible portion connected to and positioned intermediate the forward and rearward portions, said forward portion ncluding'a lens system in accordance with the following table:

said intermediate portion including a lens system in accordance with the following table:

Lens Radii, mm. Thlclless lNn "V 'Glass T r5=+ 8.820 t55= 0.45 1.049I 33:81 'E.D. F.

. m=20.404 m= 2.00 1. 523 58.0 or.

sz0=12.86 -U m=+20404 -t31= 2.00 V14.523 l'58.0 "Or, TGF* 3.047

m= 8.820 m= 0.45 1.049 33.8 13.11F. sz1=13.52 I

nF4-20.404. 839:2.00 1. 523 58.0 Cr. m= 3.047 10 m= 8.820 t40= 0.45 1.049 33.8 -E.-D.fF.

.and said rearward portion including a lens'systern 'in aecordancewith the followmg stable:

15 Lens Radii, mm. Thlclless' ND `V Glass W r5='+ 20.158 tl1= 0.45 1.049 33.8 E. D. F.

T00=+ 6.204 MF* 0.204 m= 2.00 1.517 04.5 B. s.C. 323:21. 00 x20 X Tng=w 13- 2. 1.523 .58.6 Cr.

S24=26.05 Y r70=| 24.334 tll= 2. 50 1, 523 .58. 0l Cr.

Trl-1:@

5F90. 70 Z 712=+115.010 l5= 2.50 1.523 58.0 Or.

m=- 24.010 m:- 34.724 x46= 1.00 1.040 33.8 10.11F.

320:90 A, -r15=| 34.724 tl1= 1.00 1.040 .33.3v E. D. F.

70= 24.010 j r71=115. 010 m= 2.50 1.523 58.0 Cr.

s21=95-43 B. r1= zlp= 2.25 1.523 58.0 Cr. `30

S28=21. 70 o, Irl0=+ 10. 203 50= 2.25 1. 523 58.0 Cr.

of a spherical surv35 face aon the face tof Athe .1ens,vpositive and negtive radii indicating surfaces rthat vare convex forwardly and rearwardly, respectively; tindicates the thickness fof 'the lens; s indicates the .airgapbetween successive lenses measured on `the axes of the lenses, theaxesof lenses C to C1, inclusive, being, substantially coincident and normalto the aXis of flens A; ND denotesthe index df .refraction `of ther optical glass of the lens; and V denotes the dispersion factor of the optical glass of the lens, vall of said radii, thicknesses and 'air gaps being measured in the same linear units. v

JOHN H. HETT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES l PATENTS Date p Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,519,760 August 22, 1950 JOHN H. HETT It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 1, line 49, for though read through; column 2, line 21, for illustated read illustrated; column 8, line l1, for 6.820 read 8.8.90; line 25, for fl-3.947 read 3.9.47 line 57, for 3.948 read 3.947 column 10, line 43, for tlg-,7 read tu):

and that the said Letters Patent should be read as corrected above, so that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oce. Signed and sealed this 19th day of December, A. D. 1950.

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Commissioner of Patents.

Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,519,760 August 22, 1950 JOHN H. HETT It is hereby certied that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 1, line 49, for though read through; column 2, line 21, for illustated read illustrated; column 8, line l1, for 6.820 read 8.820; line 25, for fl-3.947 read 3.947 line 57, Jfor 3.948 read 3.947 column 10, line 43, for t10 read tu):

and that the said Letters Patent should be read as corrected above, so that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice. Signed and sealed this 19th day of December, A. D. 1950.

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Commissioner of Patents. 

